Progress and effect evaluation of targeted strategy of poverty alleviation
Original, , 02-02-2016
According to the 2015 Global Poverty Reducation adn Development Forum, targeted poverty alleviation is still under progress and the effect can not be fully released, but so far, there are at least several effect as follows:
(Ⅰ) Several mechanisms of targeted poverty alleviation has been established, the system of targeted poverty alleviation has been initially formed.
Since the issue of "Opinions on innovate mechanism to promote poverty alleviation and development in rural China," government at the provinces and autonomous regions have worked out a series of supporting policies, which lays a good foundation for setting up the mechanism of targeted poverty alleviation.
(Ⅱ)The implementation of targeted poverty alleviation has been promoted smoothly, the work of targeted identification has been completed, and the object of poverty reduction is more targeted.
Since the filing system was set up in 2014, all the poor villages and households in poor counties (including the provincial-level ones) and poor regions have been targeted. According to statistics, poverty files for 128,000 poor villages, 30 million poor households and 90 million poor population have been set up. After the double check and adjustment in 2015, the comprehensive information system for poor households, poor villages and towns has also been established. As a result, the object of poverty reduction can be more targeted, which lays a solid foundation for the comprehensive and effective implementation of targeted poverty alleviation and funds utilization. It also provides a good statistical foundation for the establishment of big database in poor area.
(Ⅲ) Working teams for poverty alleviation in poor villages have been set up, the first Secretary of the teams have also been in place, which lay a foundation for establishing a strong and powerful governance structure of poverty alleviation.
At present, more than 40 million cadres have almost been in position in 128,000 poor villages. the selection of first Secretary to the poor villages is also being accelerated., On average, there are 3-5 cadres in every village and each poor household has one corresponding cadre, which forms the new rural governance system, which is, the combination of poor village committee (the village Party branch and village committees), the poverty alleviation team member, the village cadres, first secretary It is a new model of poverty alleviation governance structure. In this way, each poor household has their own partner, and the production, life and industry development can be guided and supported.
(Ⅳ) promoting the formation of the pattern of "overall poverty reduction" in the whole society.
At present, national ministries, provincial and municipal authorities and institutions, national and state-owned enterprises, county-subordinated authorities, towns, and villages all participate actively in poverty alleviation of poor villages. Besides, social entities, enterprises also are actively involved. No matter led by the areas or by the counterparts, poverty alleviation has joined the government, society, and the market altogether, as a common responsibility, which provide a powerful motivation for the realization of poverty alleviation task by 2020 as scheduled. By setting up working groups in poor villages is helpful for forming the partnership of poverty alleviation. In this way, government staffs at all levels can be linked with poor families directly and closely, which can motivate the whole society to participate in poverty alleviation. At the same time, an overall pattern of poverty alleviation can be formed through the social participation, which can aggregate more strength to participate in poverty alleviation and development.
(Ⅴ) The effects of targeted funds utilization and targeted project implementation are more obvious.
As the objects of poverty alleviation become more targeted, the funds utilization and project implementation also become more targeted. Funds and projects for poverty alleviation have all been applied to the poor households and poor villages. Industrial projects, poverty alleviation funds and projects under social security, health care, water conservancy, electricity and other infrastructure projects are all applied to poor villages and poor households, which promote the efficiency of poverty alleviation. At the same time, targeted funds utilization and projects implementation can be reflected by different measures taken according to different situation of poor villages and households. The causes led to poverty, such as cost on illness and education, are usually different, which lead to diverse demands from the poor population. Therefore, projects and funds allocation should be targeted, which can push the reform of funds management under poverty alleviation. It also can strengthen the role of financial support in poverty alleviation.
(Ⅵ) Innovation of targeted poverty alleviation
Guided by the targeted strategy of poverty alleviation, provinces、cities、counties and villages have all taken active actions. Based on their own conditions and advantages, they have innovated and explored various modes for targeted poverty alleviation, such as “double targets” in Guangdong: plans should be targeted on households and responsibility should be targeted on individuals” Besides, there are three-five targets in Shaanxi, “Classification of targeted poverty alleviation in Jiangsu. In 2015,there is new modes such as “four views” in Guizhou, which make it easier and practical to identify the objects of poverty alleviation. In Guizhou, there are ten industries and the “two line in one” approach. In Gansu, there are "six targets", "1+17" mode, and 91712 index for poor counties, villages, households being out of poverty. All these new models、initiatives and new measures have greatly elevated the level of targeted poverty alleviation, which is worthy of being refined and applied widely.
(Ⅶ) The governance capacity of poverty alleviation has been promoted
According to surveys in Guizhou, Shaanxi, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Yunnan, and Hubei it shows that targeted poverty alleviation greatly promotes the governance capacity and management level of poverty alleviation. In poor villages of these provinces, household income has increased by 28%, the share of industry and business income in the whole income structure has nearly increased by10%, the capability of making a living and risk management has been promoted greatly. On average, the time for being out of poverty has been 1.8 years advanced. Meanwhile, the capacity of poverty alleviation has been greatly improved by enhancing the assessment of targeted poverty alleviation and corresponding outcomes.
(Ⅷ) The sense of responsibility has been enhanced and the mass-cadre relationship become closer.
Targeted poverty alleviation defines specific goals and key tasks, and makes it clear that the realization of these tasks should be traced to the cadres in poverty alleviation working group of poor villages. Targeted poverty alleviation has taken several measures to support poor households, by employment training, promoting the development of local industry, to enhance their capacity of being out of poverty and accelerate the efficiency and speed of poverty alleviation. Meanwhile, the relationship between the county government and poor households become more close and the conflict between the cadres and the masses has decreased, realizing a new type of cadre-mass relationship.
Original, , 02-02-2016
According to the 2015 Global Poverty Reducation adn Development Forum, targeted poverty alleviation is still under progress and the effect can not be fully released, but so far, there are at least several effect as follows:
(Ⅰ) Several mechanisms of targeted poverty alleviation has been established, the system of targeted poverty alleviation has been initially formed.
Since the issue of "Opinions on innovate mechanism to promote poverty alleviation and development in rural China," government at the provinces and autonomous regions have worked out a series of supporting policies, which lays a good foundation for setting up the mechanism of targeted poverty alleviation.
(Ⅱ)The implementation of targeted poverty alleviation has been promoted smoothly, the work of targeted identification has been completed, and the object of poverty reduction is more targeted.
Since the filing system was set up in 2014, all the poor villages and households in poor counties (including the provincial-level ones) and poor regions have been targeted. According to statistics, poverty files for 128,000 poor villages, 30 million poor households and 90 million poor population have been set up. After the double check and adjustment in 2015, the comprehensive information system for poor households, poor villages and towns has also been established. As a result, the object of poverty reduction can be more targeted, which lays a solid foundation for the comprehensive and effective implementation of targeted poverty alleviation and funds utilization. It also provides a good statistical foundation for the establishment of big database in poor area.
(Ⅲ) Working teams for poverty alleviation in poor villages have been set up, the first Secretary of the teams have also been in place, which lay a foundation for establishing a strong and powerful governance structure of poverty alleviation.
At present, more than 40 million cadres have almost been in position in 128,000 poor villages. the selection of first Secretary to the poor villages is also being accelerated., On average, there are 3-5 cadres in every village and each poor household has one corresponding cadre, which forms the new rural governance system, which is, the combination of poor village committee (the village Party branch and village committees), the poverty alleviation team member, the village cadres, first secretary It is a new model of poverty alleviation governance structure. In this way, each poor household has their own partner, and the production, life and industry development can be guided and supported.
(Ⅳ) promoting the formation of the pattern of "overall poverty reduction" in the whole society.
At present, national ministries, provincial and municipal authorities and institutions, national and state-owned enterprises, county-subordinated authorities, towns, and villages all participate actively in poverty alleviation of poor villages. Besides, social entities, enterprises also are actively involved. No matter led by the areas or by the counterparts, poverty alleviation has joined the government, society, and the market altogether, as a common responsibility, which provide a powerful motivation for the realization of poverty alleviation task by 2020 as scheduled. By setting up working groups in poor villages is helpful for forming the partnership of poverty alleviation. In this way, government staffs at all levels can be linked with poor families directly and closely, which can motivate the whole society to participate in poverty alleviation. At the same time, an overall pattern of poverty alleviation can be formed through the social participation, which can aggregate more strength to participate in poverty alleviation and development.
(Ⅴ) The effects of targeted funds utilization and targeted project implementation are more obvious.
As the objects of poverty alleviation become more targeted, the funds utilization and project implementation also become more targeted. Funds and projects for poverty alleviation have all been applied to the poor households and poor villages. Industrial projects, poverty alleviation funds and projects under social security, health care, water conservancy, electricity and other infrastructure projects are all applied to poor villages and poor households, which promote the efficiency of poverty alleviation. At the same time, targeted funds utilization and projects implementation can be reflected by different measures taken according to different situation of poor villages and households. The causes led to poverty, such as cost on illness and education, are usually different, which lead to diverse demands from the poor population. Therefore, projects and funds allocation should be targeted, which can push the reform of funds management under poverty alleviation. It also can strengthen the role of financial support in poverty alleviation.
(Ⅵ) Innovation of targeted poverty alleviation
Guided by the targeted strategy of poverty alleviation, provinces、cities、counties and villages have all taken active actions. Based on their own conditions and advantages, they have innovated and explored various modes for targeted poverty alleviation, such as “double targets” in Guangdong: plans should be targeted on households and responsibility should be targeted on individuals” Besides, there are three-five targets in Shaanxi, “Classification of targeted poverty alleviation in Jiangsu. In 2015,there is new modes such as “four views” in Guizhou, which make it easier and practical to identify the objects of poverty alleviation. In Guizhou, there are ten industries and the “two line in one” approach. In Gansu, there are "six targets", "1+17" mode, and 91712 index for poor counties, villages, households being out of poverty. All these new models、initiatives and new measures have greatly elevated the level of targeted poverty alleviation, which is worthy of being refined and applied widely.
(Ⅶ) The governance capacity of poverty alleviation has been promoted
According to surveys in Guizhou, Shaanxi, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Gansu, Yunnan, and Hubei it shows that targeted poverty alleviation greatly promotes the governance capacity and management level of poverty alleviation. In poor villages of these provinces, household income has increased by 28%, the share of industry and business income in the whole income structure has nearly increased by10%, the capability of making a living and risk management has been promoted greatly. On average, the time for being out of poverty has been 1.8 years advanced. Meanwhile, the capacity of poverty alleviation has been greatly improved by enhancing the assessment of targeted poverty alleviation and corresponding outcomes.
(Ⅷ) The sense of responsibility has been enhanced and the mass-cadre relationship become closer.
Targeted poverty alleviation defines specific goals and key tasks, and makes it clear that the realization of these tasks should be traced to the cadres in poverty alleviation working group of poor villages. Targeted poverty alleviation has taken several measures to support poor households, by employment training, promoting the development of local industry, to enhance their capacity of being out of poverty and accelerate the efficiency and speed of poverty alleviation. Meanwhile, the relationship between the county government and poor households become more close and the conflict between the cadres and the masses has decreased, realizing a new type of cadre-mass relationship.
